Similar savings in non-fundholding practices are not similarly rewarded

The fundholding debate: should practices reconsider the decision not to fundhold?

is also proposed to include a non-fundholding general practitioner on the committee as it has been a policy to try to ensure that two tier service does not develop. It remains to be seen whether this is practicable. Provider units have expressed fears that fundholders might seek advantage through contracts. As the contracting process evolves individual practices might try to make their contract...

Cultural coevolution of norm adoption and enforcement when punishers are rewarded or non-punishers are punished.

A number of studies have shown that social norms can be maintained at a high frequency when norm-violators are punished. However, there remains the problem of how norm-adopters and punishers coevolve within a single group. We develop a recursive system to examine the coevolution of norm-adopters and punishers where the viability of punishers is enhanced by one of two "metanorms": (1) Norm-obser...

Similarly shaped letters evoke similar colors in grapheme-color synesthesia.

Grapheme-color synesthesia is a neurological condition in which viewing numbers or letters (graphemes) results in the concurrent sensation of color. While the anatomical substrates underlying this experience are well understood, little research to date has investigated factors influencing the particular colors associated with particular graphemes or how synesthesia occurs developmentally. A rec...

Oncology practices recruit pharmacists for efficiency, savings.

Fibroblast cellular and plasma fibronectins are similar but not identical

Fibronectins are multimeric, adhesive glycoproteins present on cell surfaces and circulating in blood. Cellular fibronectin produced by fibroblasts in vitro and fibronectin isolated from plasma are known to be very similar immunologically and biochemically. We investigated whether or not they are identifical. Purified chicken and human cell-surface fibronectins are 150-fold more active in hemag...